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Text Description for Selected Risk Factors for Smell Impairment
| Exposure* |
Odds Ratio (OR) |
95% Confidence Interval (CI) |
| Epilepsy |
4.37 |
1.71–11.21 |
| Stroke |
1.99 |
1.12–3.53 |
| Nasal congestion or upper respiratory tract infection |
1.60 |
1.28–2.01 |
| Current smoking vs. never |
1.93 |
1.33–2.81 |
| Past smoking vs. never |
1.05 |
0.83–1.33 |
| Sex, male |
2.46 |
1.96–3.08 |
| Age, per 5-year increment |
1.82 |
1.70–1.94 |
* Each exposure variable or risk factor is adjusted for all other variables in the table.
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References
- Murphy C, Schubert CR, Cruickshanks KJ, Klein BEK, Klein R, Nondahl DM. Prevalence of olfactory impairment in older adults. JAMA 2002; 288(18): 2307–2312.